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| author | Cecil Hugh Watson <knoppmyth@gmail.com> | 2009-09-26 01:57:08 (GMT) |
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| committer | Cecil Hugh Watson <knoppmyth@gmail.com> | 2009-09-26 01:57:08 (GMT) |
| commit | 7b29169fff9e7c624890c5edffe85def8a293136 (patch) | |
| tree | 47753889faa3a2063b66d1c7e7681e703eb1b39a /abs/core/local-website/htdocs/mythtv-doc/mythtv-HOWTO-12.html | |
| parent | c491dea779dac29afff3578bf8245943817c2339 (diff) | |
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diff --git a/abs/core/local-website/htdocs/mythtv-doc/mythtv-HOWTO-12.html b/abs/core/local-website/htdocs/mythtv-doc/mythtv-HOWTO-12.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f9cf96e --- /dev/null +++ b/abs/core/local-website/htdocs/mythtv-doc/mythtv-HOWTO-12.html @@ -0,0 +1,1112 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"> +<HTML> +<HEAD> + <META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="LinuxDoc-Tools 0.9.21"> + <TITLE>Installing and using MythTV: Scheduling Recordings.</TITLE> + <LINK HREF="mythtv-HOWTO-13.html" REL=next> + <LINK HREF="mythtv-HOWTO-11.html" REL=previous> + <LINK HREF="mythtv-HOWTO.html#toc12" REL=contents> +</HEAD> +<BODY> +<A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO-13.html">Next</A> +<A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO-11.html">Previous</A> +<A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO.html#toc12">Contents</A> +<HR> +<H2><A NAME="s12">12.</A> <A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO.html#toc12">Scheduling Recordings.</A></H2> + +<P>The MythTV master backend is responsible for managing the schedule for +all TV tuner cards on the master and any slave. Its job is to search the TV +listing for the shows you have requested and assign recordings to the TV +tuner cards. If none of the shows that you've chosen overlap, it simply +records all of them. However, if there are shows where the beginning +and end times overlap, the scheduler follows rules that you've specified or +makes logical decisions about what would be best if you haven't expressed your +preference. Further, the "Upcoming Recordings" page allows you make specific +decisions about what you really do and don't want to record.</P> + +<H2><A NAME="ss12.1">12.1</A> <A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO.html#toc12.1">Record Types</A> +</H2> + +<P>When you choose a show that you would like to record from the +Options Page, there are eight different types of rules to help the +scheduler find which showings you would like to record.</P> +<P> +<UL> +<LI>Single Record -- record only this title at this specific time and +this station. This is the best way to be sure that a certain showing will +be recorded. However, if the TV listings change and the show is not broadcast +at that time, the show will not be recorded but will be marked as Not Listed +to let you know that you should investigate. +</LI> +<LI>Find One -- this will record a title once from any of the times +that appear in the TV listings. This is useful for recording a movie +or special that has multiple showings because it allows the scheduler +to choose one that doesn't conflict. It is not a good choice for +recording a single episode of a series because it records the first +available showing of the title without regard to the episode +information. +</LI> +<LI>Record Weekly -- this records a show whenever the title is listed +on the same channel, weekday and time. Note that if the TV station +changes the schedule for a special episode, it would not be +recorded. However, you can add a Single record for the special +episode. If there are no matching showings in the TV listings, +a Not Listed item will be added to your schedule for the next +time slot to let you know that you should investigate. +</LI> +<LI>Find Weekly -- this will record a title once per week from any +of the times that appear in the TV listings beginning from the time of +the showing that was selected when the rule was set. This is useful +for news, current events or other programs where the same episode is +shown several times each week but the listings may not include +descriptive information. This may not be a good choice if there are +different episodes shown during the week. +</LI> +<LI>Record Daily -- this records a show whenever the title is listed +for the time and station on any day of the week. Here again, a show +will not be recorded if the time was altered by the station. If there +are no matching showings in the TV listings, a Not Listed item will be +added to your schedule for the next time slot to let you know that you +should investigate. +</LI> +<LI>Find Daily -- this will record a title once per day from any +of the times that appear in the TV listings beginning from the time of +the showing that was selected when the rule was set. This is useful +for news, current events or other programs where the same episode is +shown several times each day but the listings may not include +descriptive information. This may not be a good choice if there are +different episodes shown during the day. +</LI> +<LI>Channel Record -- records one showing of each unique episode from +any of the times the title is listed on this station. This is perhaps +the most common rule to use for most shows. +</LI> +<LI>Record All -- records one showing of each unique episode from +any of the times this title is listed on any channel. This can be +useful if a station has sister stations where shows are rebroadcast +allowing the scheduler to record rebroadcasts on the other station +when the original airing cannot be recorded.</LI> +</UL> +</P> + +<H2><A NAME="ss12.2">12.2</A> <A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO.html#toc12.2">Scheduling Options</A> +</H2> + +<H3>Priority</H3> + +<P>By default, all shows you select have equal value to the +scheduler. There are a set of rules to make good choices when +two or more shows are in conflict. However, priority values let the +scheduler know what you prefer so that it can set the schedule based +on your preferences.</P> +<P>Initially, recording rule priority values are set to zero. You may choose +to leave everything at "0" and let the scheduler follow rules to guess +what you might prefer when there are conflicts. However, if you have +one or two favorite shows, you may want to increase the priority +value so the scheduler will know that you would prefer recording +these over other shows. You might use certain values to rate shows +so that all favorites are 2. good shows are 1 and extra 'filler' +shows are all -1 for example. You could sort each title on the "Set +Priorities" page to have a unique value so the scheduler can know +which show you'd prefer versus any other show. The choice and style +are entirely up to you. However, the more information you give to +the scheduler, the more likely it will make the choices you would +prefer in the first place.</P> +<P>The scheduler choices are based on the total priority for a showing by +adding up all priority factors that match the showing. By default, most +of these factors are "0" but you may use any combination to express your +likes and needs.</P> +<P> +<UL> +<LI>Per record rule -- this is the "priority" selection in the "Scheduling +Options" section of the options page and this value is included for any +showings that match the recording rule. You may choose to only use these +values and not use the other factors for the sake of simplicity and clarity.</LI> +<LI>Per record type -- Setup->TV Settings->Recording Priorities->General allows +you to add to the priority based on the type. It may make sense to increase +the value for "Single" so that by default they have an extra advantage over +other shows. The default is +1. You may want to decrease the value for Find +rules so that they will be less likely to interfere with regularly scheduled +shows and will be more likely to record in a non-conflicting time instead. +The default is -1.</LI> +<LI>Per channel -- Setup->TV Settings->Recording Priorities->Channel Priorities +can be useful if you believe that you prefer any of the shows on certain +channels. This would give all shows on a channel an advantage by default.</LI> +<LI>Input priority -- in the "mythtv-setup" program, the "Input Connections" +section allows you to add additional priority in the "Input priority". +This is simply another priority factor but has an interesting effect. If a +card input has a higher value than the other cards, the scheduler will see +that you would rather record showings of episodes on this input rather than a +showing on other inputs. If you have multiple cards of different quality, +you may want to set input priority to encourage the scheduler to record +shows on your best card(s) whenever possible. This can also be useful if you +have multiple video sources which include the same stations. For example, +with digital and analog cable you could increase the digital cable input +preference by 1 to tell the scheduler that you want to record from the +digital channel whenever possible but the channel on the analog input could +still be used when the digital input is busy.</LI> +<LI>Custom Priority -- this allows you to add any specialized factors you +would like in order to influence scheduling decisions. See the +<A HREF="#Custom Priority">Custom Priority</A> section below.</LI> +</UL> + +For any single showing of any show you've chosen to record, these factors +are added together to find the "total priority". This is the priority that +the scheduler uses to decide which showings are given the first choice when +filling in the schedule.</P> +<P>The scheduling priority of a show may also be used to determine +auto-expiration of recordings when disk space gets full (see +<A HREF="#Auto-Expire">Auto-Expire</A>, below).</P> + +<H3>Duplicates</H3> + +<P>Singles will record without regard to duplicate matching.</P> + +<P>The standard recurring methods of All, Channel, Weekly and Daily use the +descriptive information in the TV listings to try to record only one showing +of each unique episode. However, This goal is sometimes complicated by the +fact that the stations may not include a description for a specific episode +but use a generic description for the series instead. When there is a +generic description, the default behavior is to assume that it may be an +episode that you have not seen and to record it for you. One of the +duplicate matching options is "Record new episodes only". If this is +selected, listing that have an original air date of more than 14 days +earlier are considered repeats and are not eligible to record. Generally, +generic episodes will be marked as repeats also.</P> + +<P>Because of generic episodes and other situations, MythTV offers an +alternative approach where shows may be recorded by choosing from multiple +showings even when the descriptive information is not reliable. All of the +"Find" record types look for matching titles in the listings. If there is a +showing with specific episode information and that episode has recorded +before, that showing is marked as previously or currently recorded. The +scheduler will then choose to record the earliest non-conflicting showing +from any of other remaining showings regardless of the descriptive +information. Generally, Find One is most useful for movies or specials and +the Find Daily and Find Weekly rules are best for news or current events +shows that are repeated. However, these may be useful in other situations +where the standard recording rules may not work correctly.</P> + +<H3>Conflicts</H3> + +<P>As you add more shows that you would like to record, the scheduler +will eventually encounter conflicts. If there are two shows at the +same time and you have two or more TV tuner cards, both shows will +record. However, if there are more shows than cards, the scheduler +will have to decide what it thinks it should not record based on the +information you have given. If you see an unexpected situation you +are not "stuck" with the scheduler's choice. You can still tell the +scheduler exactly which shows you do want to record and/or don't +want to record in any situation.</P> + +<H3>Scheduling decisions</H3> + +<P>Here are the actual decisions made by the scheduler as it fills in the +schedule.</P> +<P> +<UL> +<LI>Currently recording beats not currently recording -- A recording +in progress can not be moved to another input or time so it "wins" +its current timeslot. +</LI> +<LI>Single, Daily, or Weekly rules with no match are marked Not Listed -- +If these or Overrides do not match the current listings because the +listings have changed, they are added to the schedule and marked to +indicate that they will not record. +</LI> +<LI>Rules that could record beat rules that can not record a showing -- +If two rules match the same showing of a program, a rule marked as inactive +or a showing marked as a repeat, for example, yield to the other rule. +</LI> +<LI>More specific record type is used in place of less specific -- If +two rules match the same showing of a program, preference is given to +Don't Record then Override, Single, Find One, Record Weekly, Find Weekly, +Record Daily, Find Daily, Channel and finally All. +</LI> +<LI>Higher total priority beats lower total priority -- This is the +core of the scheduling process. Episodes of the highest priority show +are placed on the first available input followed by the next highest +priority show and so on. +</LI> +<LI>Future start time beats past start time -- If there is an +episode in progress and also a later showing of the same episode, it +is better to record the complete episode. If there isn't another +showing, it will start recording immediately to record the remaining +portion. This should only happen if you add a new rule while the show +is in progress or if the master backend is started after the start time +of a scheduled show. +</LI> +<LI>More specific record type beats less specific record type -- If +two shows are on at the same time and have the same total priority but +different types they will be sorted by Single then Find One, Record +Weekly, Find Weekly, Record Daily, Find Daily, Channel and finally +All. This only applies if the priorities are the same. +</LI> +<LI>If both start times have passed, later start time beats earlier start +time -- This attempts to miss the least amount of time. +</LI> +<LI>If neither start time has passed, earlier start time beats later +start time -- This helps assure that the earliest showing of an episode +has the advantage. +</LI> +<LI>Lower input id beats higher input id -- The scheduler fills in +open time slots on the first available input for the video source. The +next input is used when there is another show already placed for the +card of the first input. +</LI> +<LI>Older record rule beats newer record rule -- If two shows are still +equal after all of these other checks, the show whose record rule was added +first is preferred over a more recent addition. +</LI> +<LI>Postpone showings to resolve conflicts -- If Reschedule Higher +Priorities is set or if a conflict has the same priority as a show +that was scheduled at the same time, the scheduler will check to see +if a scheduled show can be moved to another input or later matching +showing without creating a new conflict so that the conflicting show +can be scheduled to record. +</LI> +</UL> +</P> + +<H3>Reschedule Higher Priorities</H3> + +<P>Setup->TV Settings->Recording Priorities->General has a checkbox for +"Reschedule Higher Priorities" which tells the scheduler to try to be a +little smarter in certain situations. If this is checked, the scheduler will +look for situations where a show cannot record because all inputs for the +channel are used for higher priority shows. It will check to see if any of +the other shows could be recorded at another time so that the conflicting +show can be recorded in its place.</P> +<P>Generally, this is a good strategy but there are tradeoffs. If a higher +priority show is postponed, you will not get to watch it until it is +recorded in the later timeslot. There is also a risk that the TV listings +may change and the later showing may go away. In this rare case the higher +priority show may never record. On the other hand, if you do not use this +option you will miss recording some lower priority shows unnecessarily +unless you manually make similar changes.</P> +<P>By using Reschedule Higher Priorities, the scheduler will do a better job of +recording as many of your shows as possible when left unattended. It will +also be easy to see that shows have been marked to record at a later time. +You can then decide for yourself when you would prefer to record the first +showing by clicking "Record anyway".</P> + +<H3>Controlling Your Schedule</H3> + +<P>The Manage Recordings->Upcoming Recordings page is your control center +for the MythTV scheduler. Unlike other DVR systems, this one page gives you +all of the information and tools you need to see all of your alternatives +and make whatever adjustments you desire.</P> +<P>The upper half of the screen has a scrollable box listing items that match +your record rules sorted by time. The lower half shows the details for the +highlighted item. There are two 'views' available. Press "1" to include all +of the items that match record rules even if they do not need to be +recorded. Press "2" to focus on just the things that will record and items +that may need your attention. The message in the upper right-hand corner +will remind you when there are conflicts that would prevent one or more +shows from being recorded.</P> +<P>The items in the list are colored in the record color for things that +will record, white for things that may need attention, gray for those +that do not need to record and yellow when there is a time conflict. +Items at the top of the list may also be highlighted indicating that the +recording is in progress.</P> +<P>Along with the channels, start times and titles, the right-hand column has +a status code. Numbers indicate which card number has been assigned to +record the show. Letters are used to indicate the reason that something +will not be recorded. Just below the box is a short status message for the +highlighted item that indicates the type of record rule that was matched, +the "total priority" for this showing and a one or two word explanation of +the status code. If you press SELECT, you will see more information about +the status.</P> +<P>There are a few status codes that may require your attention. "C" indicates +that there are more overlapping shows to record than there are TV tuners to +record them. "L" indicates that the scheduler found that it may be better to +record a later showing of this episode. These states happen as a result of +your choices and should normally reflect your preferences. However, you may +notice situations where you would like to modify the scheduler's initial +choices.</P> +<P>The first thing you can do is to highlight an item and press INFO to +see the recording options page. From this page you can change the +record rule type, the duplicate matching rules, or raise or lower the +priority to resolve whatever problem you noticed.</P> +<P>Additionally, you can treat any individual showing as an exception that you +do want to record or don't want to record. To use these "override" features, +highlight the item and press SELECT. You will see a message explaining the +current status and at least an "OK" button to exit without making changes.</P> +<P>For items scheduled to record, there will be a button for "Don't record" +which will prevent recording this showing but will still allow the same +episode to record in the future. If there is episode description +information, you may also see a button for "Never record". This prevents +recording this showing and tells MythTV to remember that this is an episode +that you've seen or don't need to see if it is ever in the TV listings +again.</P> +<P>For items that are not scheduled to record, the message will describe the +reason and in the case of "C" or "L" it will include a list of the shows +that are scheduled to record instead. For any item that could potentially be +recorded there will be buttons for "Edit Options" and "Add Override". "Edit +Options" will allow you to change the options for the existing record rule +such as raising the priority so that the show will record. These changes +would apply to this and all future showings that match this record rule. +"Add Override" will allow you to set options that apply to the specific +showing without affecting the recurring record rule.</P> +<P>If you return to an override page after an override has already been set, +you will also see a "Clear Override" to undo your changes. This option makes +it very easy to try out some "what if" attempts when deciding on your best +strategy in a difficult situation.</P> +<P>For a recording in progress, there will be a "Change Ending Time" button. +This will take you to the options page for a Single or Override or create +an Override if it is a recurring rule. Here you can go to the Recording +Options section to change the program end time offset. If you extend the +end time so that it overlaps upcoming recordings, the schedule will change +to accommodate the new end time. This may cause a conflict or later showing +even for a show with higher priority. Therefore, it is a good idea to +check your schedule after changing the end time of a recording in +progress.</P> + +<H2><A NAME="ss12.3">12.3</A> <A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO.html#toc12.3">Storage Options</A> +</H2> + +<H3>Recording Profile</H3> + +<P>Each recording rule can be configured with a different recording +profile. For example, colorful cinematography can be configured with a +"High Quality" profile, while 'talking heads' interviews shows can be +configured with a "Low Quality" profile. These recording profiles need to +be configured before using them (see +<A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO-10.html#Recording">Recording</A>, +above).</P> + +<H3><A NAME="Recording Group"></A> Recording Group </H3> + +<P>For organization of the "Watch Recordings" screen and the MythWeb +interface, recordings can be assigned into "recording groups".</P> + +<H3><A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO-9.html#storagegroups">Storage Groups</A></H3> + +<P>This allows you to select any special "Storage Groups" you may have +created to determine where recordings from this rule should be stored +on your disks. The "Default" storage group is always available.</P> + +<H3><A NAME="Playback Group"></A> Playback Group </H3> + +<P>This selects a set of pre-configured playback parameters which can be +created and edited in Setup->TV Settings->Playback Groups. When the +recording is played, the values from this playback group will be +used. This allows you to choose a default time stretch value, skip and +jump amounts appropriate for this type of television program.</P> + +<H3><A NAME="Auto-Expire"></A> Auto-Expire </H3> + +<P>MythTV will "autoexpire" old recordings to make room for new recordings +when disk space gets filled up. This option can be set to "Don't allow +auto expire" to prevent these recordings from being automatically deleted +when disk space fills up.</P> + +<P>The default setting is for all scheduled recordings to be eligible +for auto-expiration; this can be changed in the Settings->TV +Settings->General page by manipulating the "Auto Expire Default" +checkbox.</P> + +<P>The default auto-expire policy is "Oldest Show First"; the oldest +recordings are deleted first. The "Lowest Priority First" method +chooses to expire the lowest-priority recordings first.</P> + +<H3>Episode Limit</H3> + +<P>An episode limit can also be configured to limit the maximum number +of episodes recorded of a single series, to restrict that series' disk +usage. If this is set, you can further decide what to do when this +limit is reached; either stop recording that series, or to delete the +oldest episodes in favor of the new ones.</P> + +<H2><A NAME="ss12.4">12.4</A> <A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO.html#toc12.4">Post Recording Processing</A> +</H2> + +<H3>Commercial Flagging</H3> + +<P>Select whether or not to automatically flag commercials for these +recordings. Commercial Flagging parameters can be set in +Setup->TV Settings->General.</P> + +<H3>Transcoding</H3> + +<P>Select whether or not to automatically transcode recordings to save +disk space. Before using this, you must first enable auto-transcode in +the recording profile and configure the transcoding parameters; see +<A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO-10.html#Recording">Recording</A>, above.</P> + +<H3>User Jobs</H3> + +<P>User Jobs allow you to configure up to 4 custom commands to run on +recordings. They can be configured in mythtv-setup. The following +tokens have special meaning when used in the User Job commands:</P> +<P> +<UL> +<LI>%DIR% - the directory component of the recording's filename</LI> +<LI>%FILE% - the filename component of the recording's filename</LI> +<LI>%TITLE% - the title of the recording (e.g., name of the series)</LI> +<LI>%SUBTITLE% - the subtitle of the recording (e.g., name of the +episode)</LI> +<LI>%DESCRIPTION% - description text for the recording (from guide +data)</LI> +<LI>%HOSTNAME% - the backend making the recording</LI> +<LI>%CATEGORY% - the category of the recording (from guide data)</LI> +<LI>%RECGROUP% - the +<A HREF="#Recording Group">recording group</A></LI> +<LI>%CHANID% - the MythTV channel ID making the recording</LI> +<LI>%STARTTIME% - the recording start time (YYYYMMDDhhmmss)</LI> +<LI>%ENDTIME% - the recording end time (YYYYMMDDhhmmss)</LI> +<LI>%STARTTIMEISO% - the recording start time in ISO 8601 format +(YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS)</LI> +<LI>%ENDTIMEISO% - the recording end time in ISO 8601 format</LI> +<LI>%PROGSTART% - the recording's start time (from guide data; +YYYYMMDDhhmmss)</LI> +<LI>%PROGEND% - the recording's end time (from guide data)</LI> +<LI>%PROGSTARTISO%, %PROGENDISO% - the recording's start and end +time in ISO 8601 format.</LI> +</UL> +</P> + +<H2><A NAME="ss12.5">12.5</A> <A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO.html#toc12.5">Advanced Recording Options</A> +</H2> + +<H3>Creating Power Search rules with Custom Record</H3> + +<P>MythTV's "Custom Record" feature gives you unlimited control for creating +specialized search recording rules to meet your needs. It allows you to +choose your criteria to search for matching shows based on any of the +information in the program listings, channel information, time functions and +more. This goes beyond the capabilities of any other DVR system and it is +unlikely that this level of scheduling customization will ever be available +in any commercial DVR system.</P> + +<H3>Getting Started</H3> + +<P>Go to Schedule Recordings->Custom Record. This page, helps you build a +database search one clause at a time. Each added clause further limits +which showings will be matched in the TV listings. You can test the +search at any time and when you are done, you can save your search as a +recording rule.</P> +<P>To familiarize yourself with how you can create custom rules, create a +simple rule to record "Nova" only in primetime.</P> +<P>The first item at the top of the page allows you to edit an existing rule +or create a new rule. Leave it on "<New rule>". Arrow down to the +third item which says "Match an exact title". Right and left arrows would +allow you to select any of several prefabricated pieces or full examples +but leave it on the default for now. Arrow down to "Add this example +clause" and press SELECT (Enter or Space on a keyboard). The large text +box should now show: +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> + program.title = 'Nova' +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> + +As you have probably guessed, this says that we want to search for all +programs with the title "Nova" regardless of the time, day, channel, etc.</P> +<P>If you do not receive a PBS station that carries "Nova" or would like to use +another title, edit the title by pressing the down arrow to highlight the +text box and right arrow over the the word "Nova". If you are using a +keyboard you can simply delete the four letters and type a different title +between the quotes. With a remote control, you can do 'cell phone' style +text entry with the number pad. The delete key is the "X" in the grouping +for "1", zero is grouped with "9" and "0" acts as the "Caps Lock" key. You +can press ENTER in the text box to popup a virtual keyboard.</P> +<P>Note: the text box honors many familiar Emacs control keys. It is also +possible to cut and paste text into the text box so you can edit with a +favorite editor or insert a rule sent in email or from other sources.</P> +<P>In any case, choose a title that is shown both in primetime and late night +or daytime. Next, click the "Test" button. You should see a list of the +upcoming episodes for "Nova" just as if you had clicked the Upcoming +button for "Nova" elsewhere in MythTV.</P> +<P>Press ESC to go back to the Custom Record page. Move to the example +selector then press the right or left arrows until you find "Only in +primetime". Click "Add this example clause". You should now see: +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> + program.title = 'Nova' + AND HOUR(program.starttime) >= 19 + AND HOUR(program.starttime) < 23 +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> + +Click "Test". You should now see a shorter list with only the showings that +begin between 7PM and 11PM. To create a rule for this, press ESC to go back +to the custom page and move to "Rule Name:" then type "Nova" or anything +else you would like. This is only a label and will not affect the search +results. Once a name has been entered, the "Record" button will light up. +Click this to enter the recording options page. If you named it "Nova" the +title will say "Nova (Power Search)". Set whatever options you would like +then click "Save these settings". You now have a special rule to record +"Nova" but only when it is shown in primetime.</P> +<P>You can make further modifications to this rule by returning to the Custom +Record page then press the right or left arrow keys on "Edit Rule:" until +you find "Nova". You can experiment and test but the saved rule will not +be updated until you click "Record" then "Save these settings".</P> +<P>To remove this, or any other rule, you can go to the "Recording Priorities" +page, arrow down to the title, press Enter and change the the recording type +to "Do not record this program" then "Save these settings".</P> + +<H3>How it Works</H3> + +<P>MythTV stores TV program information in a database and uses the Structured +Query Language (SQL) to access the data. Information about each TV program +is stored in the 'program' table and information about each TV station you +receive is stored in 'channel'. These two tables are used in the scheduler +queries and their columns are available to be used in your rules. The rules +you create are stored in 'record'.</P> +<P>Normal rules in MythTV simply match the title in the rule with the titles +in the 'program' table. MythTV also has search rules for "Titles", +"Keywords" and "People". These store the key phrase in the description +column of the rule and includes them in specialized SQL replacements for +the normal title check. There is also a type called "Power Search" which +takes the raw SQL in the description as the replacement for title +matching.</P> +<P>Custom Record is a tool to help you build valid SQL for Power Search rules. +You do not need to be a SQL expert to use Custom Record because the +examples are known to work correctly and are usually self-explanatory so you +can choose the pieces you need then modify them. Many powerful solutions to +unique problems are possible by combining the examples. With some creativity +and some knowledge of SQL, the possibilities are limitless.</P> + +<H3>Common Tricks and Tips</H3> + +<P>The example clauses marked "complete example" are actual rules that have +been used to address specific problems. You may find that some of these +are useful for you as-is or with slight modifications. These show off how +powerful custom rules can be but there are also several simple idioms that +you may find useful for many of the shows you would like to record.</P> +<P>Wait for a known title -- If there is a movie that you anticipate will be +televised in the coming months but is not yet in the listings, you can +select "Match an exact title", edit the movie title, click "Record" then +choose "Record one showing of this title". The rule will wait weeks, months +or years until this title shows up in your listings then it will record one +showing. These rules have no impact on the scheduler throughout the day and +only take a tiny fraction of a second when the master backend starts or when +the listings are updated.</P> +<P>Silence series out of season -- "Celebrity Poker Showdown", for example, +will have new episodes for a while then long periods where reruns are shown +dozens of times per week. By checking the previously shown flag you can +create a rule that will only match new episodes. Therefore, your schedule +won't be polluted with dozens of entries marked as "Repeat" or "Previously +Recorded". +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> + program.title = "Celebrity Poker Showdown" + AND program.previouslyshown = 0 +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> + +This allows you to keep rules for your favorite shows that are dormant while +out of season but will spring back to life when new episodes appear.</P> +<P>Choose showings on certain days -- Several cable stations will show their +highest rated shows a dozen on more times per week. However, the scheduler +only needs two or three choices to do a good job of making a flexible +choice. +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> + program.title LIKE "Celebrity Fit Club%" + AND DAYNAME(program.starttime) = "Sunday" +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> + +This says to choose any showing of an episode that hasn't been recorded +when it appears on Sunday. This prevents all the other showings during the +week from being listed in the schedule.</P> +<P>Notice the word "LIKE" and the "%" at the end. This does wildcard matching +so that this would match even if the title ended with "2". "III" or +":Revenge of the Snapple Lady". This can be useful where the title may +change from one season to the next like "Survivor: %", "Big Brother%" or +"The Amazing Race%".</P> + +<H3>Working with SQL</H3> + +<P>As you experiment, it is possible that you may misplace a quote or mistype a +word. If there is a mistake when you press "Test" or "Record" you will see +an error message returned from the database. This will usually give you a +good idea about what needs to be fixed. However, for more subtle MySQL +syntax errors, you can find more information in the documentation at +<A HREF="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/">http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/</A>. This contains a lot of +information that can be useful for Power Search rules such as the "Date and +Time Functions". There are many other good resources for SQL on the Web.</P> +<P>While the example clauses demonstrate how to use many of the data columns, +you can get a more complete list of all the columns that are available by +using a MySQL client program: +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> +$ mysql -u mythtv -pmythtv mythconverg +mysql> describe program; +mysql> describe channel; +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> + +This will show the names of all of the columns along with their type and +default value. Most are easy to understand but a few need some explanation +in order to use them effectively with Power Search. +<UL> +<LI>"program.category_type" holds one of these exact four strings: "movie", +"series", "sports" or "tvshow". +</LI> +<LI>"program.airdate" is a string representing the year of release for +movies and may have no meaning for other types of shows. +</LI> +<LI>"program.stars" is a floating point number from 0.0 to 1.0. On a +four star scale, 1.0 would be four stars, 0.75 would be three stars and so +on. +</LI> +<LI>"program.originalairdate" if provided is the date when a show +was, or will be, first televised. This may be useful for finding +episodes before or after a certain date such as finding just the +original series of "Battlestar Galactica". +</LI> +<LI>"program.previouslyshown" is a column created by MythTV to try to +determine if a showing is more than 14 days after its original air date or +if the show was marked as a repeat and did not have a date for the first +airing. If this is "0" it usually means that this is a brand new show or a +rebroadcast within the first two weeks. +</LI> +<LI>"program.generic" is a column created by MythTV to try mark +showings for a series where the specific episode information is not +included. When these generic showings appear, it is impossible for the +system to determine if they are repeats of the same episode(s) or if +they are all different episodes. +</LI> +<LI>"program.first" is a column created by MythTV to mark the first +showing in the current listings for each episode, movie or special. +Choosing to match only the "first" showing can be useful for sports +that are brodcast live then repeated. +</LI> +<LI>"program.last" is a column created by MythTV to mark the last +showing in the current listings for each episode, movie or special. +If a showing is marked both "first" and "last" then it is the only +showing of that program in the current TV listings. +</LI> +<LI>"program.programid" is the Tribune Media Service database record +identifier for each program description. In general, these start with a two +letter prefix, MV, EP, SP or SH that correspond to the +"program.category_type". For most, the last four digits are "0000" except +EP where the last four digits are the episode number in the series. Note +that these are generated by TMS and not the show's producers but they are +usually in the same order as the original air dates for the episodes. +</LI> +<LI>"program.videoprop" also "audioprop" and "subtitletypes". +These columns contain bit flags for a variety of attributes that +may be associated with a program. These are filled with information +offered by the TV listings provider. However, your listings source +will not have information for all of the available flags. Therefore, +some of these may not be useful for your search rules. This information +is organized in "sets" and the MySQL function FIND_IN_SET() can be used +to test for any of these flags. For example: +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> +FIND_IN_SET('SURROUND', program.audioprop) > 0 +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> + +would be true for the programs where the surround sound bit is present. +To see all of the available attribute names: +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> +$ mysql -u mythtv -pmythtv mythconverg +mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM program LIKE '%prop'\G +mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM program LIKE 'subtitletypes'\G +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> +</LI> +</UL> + +Finally, if you are doing something very experimental and a column is not +giving you the results you had anticipated, you can always check the MythTV +source code to see exactly how a column is used. The open source for MythTV +is available from +<A HREF="http://www.mythtv.org/">http://www.mythtv.org/</A> .</P> + +<H2><A NAME="ss12.6">12.6</A> <A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO.html#toc12.6">Scheduling with more than one Input</A> +</H2> + + +<P>MythTV is designed to allow recording television programs from one or more +service providers, or video source, on one or more video input from each +provider. Some inputs may not be allowed to record at the same time as +each other while others may record simultaneously.</P> +<P>A television station may be broadcast on more than one channel from one +provider or may be available on channels from two or more providers. If a TV +station is available from more than one source, the video quality or type of +broadcast may differ. Therefore, MythTV allows you to control how you would +like the scheduler to select the best channel and input for a show which is +available on more than one input or more than one channel.</P> + +<H3>Mutually Exclusive Inputs</H3> + +<P>A single TV capture card may have video connections to more than +one of its inputs and each input may be from a different service. The card +may only be allowed to record from one of these inputs at one time because +there is only one encoder on the card that actually captures the content.</P> +<P> +<FIGURE> +<EPS FILE="BlockDiagramofavideocapturedevice.eps"> +<IMG SRC="BlockDiagramofavideocapturedevice.png"> +<CAPTION></CAPTION> +</FIGURE> +</P> +<P>These are mutually exclusive meaning that only one input or the other +may record at a given time but not both.</P> +<P>Usually, inputs on different cards can record at the same time +but two or more inputs on the same card cannot. However, there are cases +where inputs on different cards should not be allowed to record at the +same time, for example, a firewire card and s-video analog card connected +to the same set top cable box.</P> +<P> +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> +| +| coax +--------------+ firewire ------------------+ +| .-=|Cable Provider|=------------=| Card 1 input 1 | HDTV +| | |HD/Cable STB |=--. +-----|||||||||||| +| | +--------------+ | s-video ------------------+ +| | `---------=| input 2 | Digital +|wall | coax | Card 2 | +|=---=^=------------------------------=| input 3 | Cable +| +-----|||||||||||| +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> +</P> +<P>Input 1 and input 2 receive content from the same set top box and the +channels can not be tuned independently. Therefore only one of these two +inputs should be used at any given time. The solution is to create an "Input +Group" with <B>mythtv-setup</B> in "Input connections". Including these +two inputs in the same Input Group will tell the scheduler that these are +mutually exclusive and may not record at the same time. Inputs 2 and 3 are +automatically mutually exclusive because they are on the same card so there +is no need to create an Input Group for these inputs.</P> +<P>Cards such as the Hauppauge PVR-500 are able to record as two cards +simultaneously because it has two MPEG-2 encoders and each encoder appears +as a separate device. DVB cards may be allowed to capture content from more +than one channel at a time if the channels are in the same MUX.</P> + +<H3>Stations, Channels and Video Sources</H3> + +<P>Although we may be accustomed to thinking of a broadcast station and its +channel number as being synonymous, stations and channels are very different +things. A "station" is in a building with wires and employees. A "channel" +is a carrier frequency or digital ID that carries a broadcast stream. The +same TV station may be broadcast over different frequencies in different +cities or by different providers in the same city. The same frequency will +carry different stations in different cities. In the digital realm of DVB +and ATSC (HDTV), it is even possible for a single frequency to carry +multiple program streams but each of these streams of content are actually +different channels that the receiving devices can 'tune' to independently.</P> +<P> +<UL> +<LI>Station: building</LI> +<LI>Channel: frequency</LI> +</UL> +</P> +<P>In MythTV, a "video source" is a set of channels from a provider, or over +the air, that can be received by an input. The set defines the channels and +the broadcasters primarily associated with each of those channels. If you +have more than one device or cable from the same provider connected to more +than one card and input, you only need to create one video source in +mythtv-setup then associate that one source with each of these connected +inputs. This will let your MythTV system know that the same channels and +their TV listings are available to be recorded from any of these inputs.</P> +<P>For example. A MythTV system may have two capture cards. Both have a cable +connected to the coaxial connectors. These cables carry the local cable TV +service. In mythtv-setup, the user should create one "Video source" called +"Cable", for example. Under "Input connections", "Cable" should be +associated with each of the two tuner inputs. The scheduler will then know +that any program on one of the channels from the "Cable" source could be +recorded by either card from the card's tuner input.</P> +<P>You need to create a different video source for each provider or service +that has a different set of channels. Each input with a connection to that +service should be associated with the video source for that service so the +system will know which set of channels are available for each of your active +inputs.</P> +<P>Let's say that this user also has one digital cable set top box. The digital +cable service carries channels that are not available over basic cable. The +user would create another source called "Digital". This set top box is +connected to the second card by S-Video so under "Input connections", +"Digital" is associated with the S-Video input of card 2. The system would +then know that programs on channels from the Digital source can only be +recorded from this input. Further, the scheduler understands that it can +only record one show at a time from card 2 so it can assign Cable or Digital +shows to the card but not both at the same time.</P> +<P>Some TV stations may be broadcast over a channel from the Cable source and +also broadcast over a channel from the Digital source. Note that two +channels carrying the same primary station may not have the same TV listings +due to carrying the primary station part time, including local programming +exclusive to one of the channels, the channels may be in different +timezones, etc. Listings information must be associated with each channel +even if two or more channels report that they carry the same station.</P> + +<H3>Order of Inputs</H3> + +<P>By default the scheduler chooses the first (lowest numbered) input which has +a showing of the scheduled program as it fills the schedule. If a lower +priority show is on at the same time as a higher priority show that has been +assigned to input 1, then input 2 will be used next and so on. Therefore, +configure your best card and input first and next best card and input +second. There may be differences in the type or brand of capture card, +signal quality from the cable, system resources such as disk space, CPU, +etc. By configuring your best input first, more recordings, and your highest +priority recordings, will use that input.</P> +<P>A common situation is that a newer and better card is added last. For +example, you may initially setup your system with two analog cable cards and +then add a HDTV card. If NBC is on a cable channel and "The Apprentice" is +shown in HDTV on an NBC HD channel, the scheduler would still prefer analog +inputs 1 and 2 over the new HD input 3.</P> +<P>So, if you'd like the scheduler to prefer a new source, the simplest thing +is to run <B>mythtv-setup</B> and "Delete all capture cards" then enter +your cards and inputs in your preferred order. This will not remove your +sources and channels - you want to keep those and only renumber your cards +and inputs. In this example, once the changes have been made and the Master +Backend is restarted, the scheduler would then choose "The Apprentice" in HD +on the new input 1 and only use the analog inputs (now numbered 2 and 3) +when the HDTV input was occupied with another show.</P> + +<H3>Matching Callsigns</H3> + +<P>If a recording rule is a type that can record from any channel, "The +Apprentice" would match for any channel that shows episodes which may +include CNBC or BRAVO. However, for Single, Timeslot, Weekslot or Channel +rules, "The Apprentice" would only match showings on the selected station as +identified by the "callsign". For example, KVBC is an NBC affiliate on +channel 3. Channel 733 is KVBCDT which is HDTV over cable from the same +station. If a Single record rule was set for "The Apprentice" on KVBC +channel 3, it could not record this showing from KVBCDT on 733. If 733 was +chosen when the rule was saved, channel 3 could not be used to record.</P> +<P>However, the "Channel Editor" in mythtv-setup can be used to change the +Callsign for channel 733 to "KVBC". MythTV would then understand that both +of these channels are from the same broadcast station. Assuming the HDTV +input was input number "1", "The Apprentice" would record on 733. If, +however, this HDTV input already had a higher priority show assigned to it +in that time slot, "The Apprentice" would be assigned to KVBC channel 3 on +input 2.</P> +<P>Having two channels with the same callsign may affect how program +information is shown in mythfrontend. If two sources have the same callsign +and channel number, the program guide and program lists will only show one +instance of the channel number and callsign. If the same callsign is on two +different channel numbers, both will be shown and if two sources have +different callsigns with the same channel number, both of those will be +shown.</P> +<P>Continuing with the example above, the Electronic Program Guide would +include rows for both "3 KVBC" and "733 KVBC". If channel 3 KVBC was also +included in the Digital cable source, the EPG would still include just one +line for "3 KVBC" even though there are two different channels, Cable and +Digital, with this identification. Regardless of how these are displayed and +which "KVBC" channel you select to add a rule to record "The Apprentice", +the scheduler will pick the best channel, source and input to record "The +Apprentice" on "KVBC".</P> + +<H3>Using Priorities to Prefer an Input</H3> + +<P>The fundamental concept to keep in mind is that the MythTV scheduler will +choose the lowest numbered input available when showings have the same +priority. If there are factors that cause two showings of the same show to +have different priorities then the higher priority showing will be +considered before the showings with lower priority.</P> + +<H3>Input Priority</H3> + +<P>"Input Connections" in mythtv-setup includes a box to set "Input priority" +which defaults to "0". If a value is set, that amount will be added to the +"total priority" for showings on that input. This can be used to influence +using favored cards or not using less favored cards unless necessary.</P> +<P>Let's say the "The Apprentice" is on at 8:00pm with a priority of 3. "Who +Cares" is -2 and an episode is shown at 8:00pm then repeated at 11:00pm. The +scheduler would assign "The Apprentice" to card 1 and "Who Cares" to card 2 +at 8:00pm. If the input priority for the input on card 2 was changed to -1, +"Who Cares" would have a total priority of -2 for showings on card 1 and -3 +for showings on card 2. The scheduler would assign "The Apprentice" to card +1 at 8:00pm and "Who Cares" to card 1 at 11:00pm when the better card is +available. If there was another higher priority show at 11pm, the next best +choice for "Who Cares" would be card 2 at 8pm with the priority -3.</P> +<P>Card 1 and 2 have input priority "0":</P> +<P> +<FIGURE> +<EPS FILE="Card1 Pri 0 Card2 Pri 0.eps"> +<IMG SRC="Card1 Pri 0 Card2 Pri 0.png"> +<CAPTION></CAPTION> +</FIGURE> +</P> +<P> +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> + Time Title Priority Card Status + 8:00 The Apprentice +3 1 Will Record + 8:00 Who Cares -2 2 Will Record +11:00 Who Cares -2 1 Earlier Showing +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> +</P> +<P>Card 2 with input priority "-1":</P> +<P> +<FIGURE> +<EPS FILE="Card1 Pri 0 Card2 Pri -1.eps"> +<IMG SRC="Card1 Pri 0 Card2 Pri -1.png"> +<CAPTION></CAPTION> +</FIGURE> +</P> +<P> +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> + Time Title Priority Card Status + 8:00 The Apprentice +3 1 Will Record + 8:00 Who Cares -3 2 Later Showing +11:00 Who Cares -2 1 Will Record +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> +</P> +<P>Card 2 at "-1" but higher priority shows at both 8 P.M. and 11 P.M.:</P> +<P> +<FIGURE> +<EPS FILE="Card1 Pri 0 Card2 Pri -1-TDS.eps"> +<IMG SRC="Card1 Pri 0 Card2 Pri -1-TDS.png"> +<CAPTION></CAPTION> +</FIGURE> +</P> +<P> +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> + Time Title Priority Card Status + 8:00 The Apprentice +3 1 Will Record + 8:00 Who Cares -3 2 Will Record +11:00 The Daily Show +1 1 Will Record +11:00 Who Cares -3 2 Earlier Showing +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> +</P> +<P>Note the two different effects, each of which may be what you desire +depending on circumstance. If input priorities are equal, shows will record +at the earliest time if any input is available. If input priorities differ, +shows may be postponed to a later time in order to record on the best input.</P> + +<H3>Channel Priority</H3> + +<P>Priority can be added for individual channels (remember, frequencies from a +video source, not stations). This can be used to tell the system that you +generally prefer the content of the station on a channel over the formats of +other stations. You may want to raise the priority for ESPN, SciFi, Comedy +Central or lower the priority for CSPAN, CourtTV, etc. If the same station +is on two different channels, you can use channel priority to have the same +effect for these channels as input priority would have for whole inputs.</P> +<P>For example, say CNN is on analog channel 20 and there is an HD CNN on 750. +You may not want to tie up the HD input for news originating in standard +definition. Under TV Settings->Recording Priorities->Channel Priorities you +could set channel 750 to -1. The scheduler would then prefer to record CNN +shows on any analog channel 20 before considering using 750 only when there +are no analog inputs available.</P> + +<H3>Preferred Input</H3> + +<P>For an even finer grain of control, there is a per rule option to specify +which input should be preferred for showings that match the rule. By +default, this adds +2 to the priority for showings on the specified input.</P> +<P>For illustration, let's say there will be a Space Shuttle launch on CNN that +will be broadcast in high definition. Adding a rule to record the launch +with priority "0" should default to channel 20 on input 2. Channel 750 would +have this at -1 due to the channel priority set in the previous example. If +on the recording options page for this rule, the "Scheduling Options" had +the input set to prefer the HD input on card 1, then the showing on channel +750 for this input would be increased in value by +2 for a total of +1 and +would be the best choice for this launch coverage. While this one rule +would prefer the HD input with channel 750, all other rules that match shows +on CNN would still prefer channel 20.</P> +<P>Note that this will not work properly if the preferred input priority does +not out weigh differences in input and channel priorities. The value of the +priority boost when this option is chosen defaults to +2 but can be modified +in TV Settings->Recording Priorities->Set Recording Priorities.</P> + +<H3>HDTV Priority</H3> + +<P>In the preceeding fictious example, the Space Shuttle launch is broadcast in +high definition and a preferred input is selected to give preference to the +HD input. However, TV listings from zap2it.com through the DataDirect +service may allow this to work without having to use this per rule option.</P> +<P>In Settings->Recording Priorities->Set Recording Priorities there is an +option for "HDTV Recording Priority". This value will be added automatically +if the listings for the show have the "hdtv" flag set. DataDirect will set +this flag for shows known to be broadcast in HDTV on HD channels. However, +the flag is not set for standard definition channels. This is another +example of the listings being different for the same station on a different +channel. If the HDTV priority is set to "+2", the shuttle launch would +automatically have a total priority of +1 so that channel 750 would be +preferred over channel 20 for this HDTV broadcast.</P> +<P>Channel "750 CNN" at priority "-1" and HDTV broadcast priority at "+2":</P> +<P> +<FIGURE> +<EPS FILE="Card1 HDTV Card2 Cable.eps"> +<IMG SRC="Card1 HDTV Card2 Cable.png"> +<CAPTION></CAPTION> +</FIGURE> +</P> + +<H3><A NAME="Custom Priority"></A> Custom Priority </H3> + +<P> +<FIGURE> +<EPS FILE="add.eps"> +<IMG SRC="add.png"> +<CAPTION>New for MythTV 0.21</CAPTION> +</FIGURE> +</P> +<P>While Input, Channel, and HDTV Priority can be used for indicating a +preference for certain programs and inputs, there may be circumstances that +cannot be resolved easily with these standard features. MythTV version 0.21 +includes a feature for "power priority". The Custom Priority editor in +mythfrontend's "TV Settings" screen is similar to Custom Record, however, +Custom Priority allows you to create specialized power priority factors to +influence scheduling decisions.</P> +<P>For example, the 'program.closecaptioned' flag can be used in a +similar way as the 'program.hdtv' flag.</P> +<P> +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> +Priority Rule Name: Closed Captioned priority +Priority Value: 2 +program.closecaptioned > 0 +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> +</P> +<P>This will raise the priority of shows marked with "CC" over those that are +not by applying the "Priority Value" whenever the SQL fragment evaluates to +true. If the expression evaluates to false for a showing, the "Priority +Value" is not applied.</P> +<P> +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> +Priority Rule Name: Priority when shown once +Priority Value: 1 +program.first > 0 AND program.last > 0 +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> +</P> +<P>The "first" and "last" flags for an episode will only be set for the +same showing when there is only one showing of that episode in the +current TV listings. This rule would raise the priority in these cases +so that these shows would have an advantage to record in their only +available time slot.</P> +<P> +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> +Priority Rule Name: Input 1 signal quality +Priority Value: -1 +cardinput.cardinputid = 1 AND +channel.channum IN (3, 5, 39, 66) +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> +</P> +<P>A common issue with two or more analog capture cards is that one of +the cards may have more interference on some channels than the same +channels on other cards. This example gives a disadvantage to the +channels in this list but only for the first input. Therefore, a show +on channel 39 would choose input 2 or 3 if possible but for channels +not in this list, input 1 is still the first choice.</P> +<P>The Custom Priority editor includes many example fragments and complete +examples that can be used or you can create your own to suit your needs.</P> + +<HR> +<A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO-13.html">Next</A> +<A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO-11.html">Previous</A> +<A HREF="mythtv-HOWTO.html#toc12">Contents</A> +</BODY> +</HTML> |